myLib.h

typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned short u16;
typedef unsigned int u32;

extern unsigned short *videoBuffer;

// Useful addresses
#define REG_DISPCTL (*(u16 *)0x4000000)
#define SCANLINECOUNTER (*(volatile unsigned short *)0x4000006)

// Screen sizes 
#define SCREENHEIGHT 160
#define SCREENWIDTH 240

#define ROWMASK (0xFF) //255
#define COLMASK (0x1FF) //511

// Generally useful symbols
#define FOREVER 1
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0

#define BUFFER2 (1<<4)
#define BUFFER1FLAG 0x10

// Backgrounds
#define BG0_ENABLE (1<<8)
#define BG1_ENABLE (1<<9)
#define BG2_ENABLE (1<<10)
#define BG3_ENABLE (1<<11)

//background control registers
#define REG_BG0CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x4000008
#define REG_BG1CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x400000A
#define REG_BG2CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x400000C
#define REG_BG3CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x400000E

#define PALETTE ((u16 *)0x5000000)

// Video --Macros
#define MODE0 0
#define MODE3 3
#define MODE4 4
#define BG0_ENABLE (1<<8)
#define BG1_ENABLE (1<<9)
#define BG2_ENABLE (1<<10)
#define BG3_ENABLE (1<<11)

#define SCREENOFFSET(r,c) ((r)*240+(c))
#define OFFSET(r,c,rowlen) ((r)*(rowlen)+(c))

extern unsigned short *videoBuffer;

// Colors
#define COLOR(r,g,b) ((r) | (g)<<5 | (b)<<10)

#define WHITE COLOR(31,31,31)
#define BLACK 0
#define RED COLOR(31,0,0)
#define GREEN COLOR(0,31,0)
#define BLUE COLOR(0,0,31)
#define YELLOW COLOR(31,31,0)
#define CYAN COLOR(0,31,31)
#define MAGENTA COLOR(31,0,31)
#define GRAY COLOR(25, 25, 25)

// Prototypes
void drawRect4(int row, int col, int height, int width, unsigned char colorIndex);
void waitForVblank();
int sprintf (char *string, const char *form, ...);
void flipPage();
void loadPalette(volatile const unsigned short* palette);
void drawImage4(volatile const unsigned short* image, int row, int col, int height, int width);
void drawBackgroundImage4(volatile const unsigned short* image);
char *short2bin(short x, char arr[]);

// *** Input =========================================================

// Buttons
#define BUTTONS (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x04000130)

extern unsigned int oldButtons;
extern unsigned int buttons;

#define BUTTON_A 1
#define BUTTON_B 2
#define BUTTON_SELECT 4
#define BUTTON_START 8
#define BUTTON_RIGHT 16
#define BUTTON_LEFT 32
#define BUTTON_UP 64
#define BUTTON_DOWN 128
#define BUTTON_R 256
#define BUTTON_L 512

#define BUTTON_INDEX_A 0
#define BUTTON_INDEX_B 1
#define BUTTON_INDEX_SELECT 2
#define BUTTON_INDEX_START 3
#define BUTTON_INDEX_RIGHT 4
#define BUTTON_INDEX_LEFT 5
#define BUTTON_INDEX_UP 6
#define BUTTON_INDEX_DOWN 7
#define BUTTON_INDEX_R 8
#define BUTTON_INDEX_L 9

#define BUTTON_HELD(key) (~(BUTTONS) & key)
#define BUTTON_PRESSED(key) (!(~oldButtons&(key))&&(~buttons&(key)))

void DMANow(int channel, volatile const void* source, volatile const void* destination, unsigned int control);

// DMA channel 3 register definitions
#define REG_DMA3SAD         *(volatile u32*)0x40000D4  // source address
#define REG_DMA3DAD         *(volatile u32*)0x40000D8  // destination address
#define REG_DMA3CNT         *(volatile u32*)0x40000DC  // control register

// *** DMA =========================================================

typedef volatile struct {
        volatile const void *src;
        volatile const void *dst;
        volatile unsigned int cnt;
} DMA; 

extern DMA *dma;

// Defines
#define DMA_DESTINATION_INCREMENT (0 << 21)
#define DMA_DESTINATION_DECREMENT (1 << 21)
#define DMA_DESTINATION_FIXED (2 << 21)
#define DMA_DESTINATION_RESET (3 << 21)

#define DMA_SOURCE_INCREMENT (0 << 23)
#define DMA_SOURCE_DECREMENT (1 << 23)
#define DMA_SOURCE_FIXED (2 << 23)

#define DMA_REPEAT (1 << 25)

#define DMA_16 (0 << 26)
#define DMA_32 (1 << 26)

#define DMA_NOW (0 << 28)
#define DMA_AT_VBLANK (1 << 28)
#define DMA_AT_HBLANK (2 << 28)
#define DMA_AT_REFRESH (3 << 28)

#define DMA_IRQ (1 << 30)
#define DMA_ON (1 << 31)

// *** Interrupts ====================================================

// CONTROLLER
#define REG_IME *(unsigned short*)0x4000208 
// ENABLER
#define REG_IE *(unsigned short*)0x4000200  
// FLAG
#define REG_IF *(volatile unsigned short*)0x4000202

// 
#define REG_INTERRUPT *(unsigned int*)0x3007FFC
// DISPLAY STATUS
#define REG_DISPSTAT *(unsigned short*)0x4000004

//interrupt constants for turning them on
#define INT_VBLANK_ENABLE 1 << 3

//interrupt constants for checking which type of interrupt happened
#define INT_VBLANK 1 << 0
#define INT_TM1 1<<4
#define INT_BUTTON 1 << 12


// *** Sound =========================================================

#define REG_SOUNDCNT_X *(volatile u16 *)0x04000084

// register definitions
#define REG_SOUNDCNT_L        *(u16*)0x04000080
#define REG_SOUNDCNT_H        *(volatile u16*)0x04000082

// flags
#define SND_ENABLED           (1<<7)
#define SND_OUTPUT_RATIO_25   0
#define SND_OUTPUT_RATIO_50   (1<<0)
#define SND_OUTPUT_RATIO_100  (1<<1)
#define DSA_OUTPUT_RATIO_50   (0<<2)
#define DSA_OUTPUT_RATIO_100  (1<<2)
#define DSA_OUTPUT_TO_RIGHT   (1<<8)
#define DSA_OUTPUT_TO_LEFT    (1<<9)
#define DSA_OUTPUT_TO_BOTH    (3<<8)
#define DSA_TIMER0            (0<<10)
#define DSA_TIMER1            (1<<10)
#define DSA_FIFO_RESET        (1<<11)
#define DSB_OUTPUT_RATIO_50   (0<<3)
#define DSB_OUTPUT_RATIO_100  (1<<3)
#define DSB_OUTPUT_TO_RIGHT   (1<<12)
#define DSB_OUTPUT_TO_LEFT    (1<<13)
#define DSB_OUTPUT_TO_BOTH    (3<<12)
#define DSB_TIMER0            (0<<14)
#define DSB_TIMER1            (1<<14)
#define DSB_FIFO_RESET        (1<<15)

// FIFO address defines
#define REG_FIFO_A          (void*)0x040000A0
#define REG_FIFO_B          (void*)0x040000A4


// *** Tiles =========================================================

typedef struct { u16 tileimg[8192]; } charblock;
typedef struct { u16 tilemap[1024]; } screenblock;

#define CHARBLOCKBASE ((charblock *)0x6000000)
#define SCREENBLOCKBASE ((screenblock *)0x6000000)


//background offset registers
#define REG_BG0HOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x04000010
#define REG_BG1HOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x04000014
#define REG_BG2HOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x04000018
#define REG_BG3HOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x0400001C

#define REG_BG0VOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x04000012
#define REG_BG1VOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x04000016
#define REG_BG2VOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x0400001A
#define REG_BG3VOFS *(volatile unsigned short *)0x0400001E

//macros and bit constants for setting the background control register specifics
#define SBB(num) num << 8
#define CBB(num) num << 2
#define COLOR256 1 << 7
#define BG_SIZE0 0<<14      // 32 x 32 tiles
#define BG_SIZE1 1<<14      // 64 x 32
#define BG_SIZE2 2<<14      // 32 x 64
#define BG_SIZE3 3<<14      // 64 x 64

//  *** SPRITE =========================================================
#define SPRITE_MODE_1D (1 << 6) //put this into REG_DISPCNTL to enable 1D mapping mode
#define SPRITE_ENABLE (1 << 12) //put this into REG_DISPCNTL to enable sprites

#define ATTR0_REGULAR (0 << 8) //Normal Sprites
#define ATTR0_AFFINE (1 << 8) //Affine Sprites
#define ATTR0_HIDE (2 << 8) // Hide Sprites
#define ATTR0_DOUBLE_AFFINE (3 << 8) //Double Affine Sprites
#define ATTR0_NORMAL (0 << 10) //Normal Rendering
#define ATTR0_BLEND (1 << 10) //Enables Alpha Blending.  Don't worry about it.  Unless you want too =D
#define ATTR0_WIN (2 << 10) //Object Window mode.  Again, no idea.
#define ATTR0_MOSAIC (1 << 12) //Enables the mosaic effect for this sprite.  It's a cool visual effect.
#define ATTR0_4BPP (0 << 13) //16 color Sprites
#define ATTR0_8BPP (1 << 13) //256 color Sprites
#define ATTR0_SQUARE (0 << 14) //Square Shape
#define ATTR0_WIDE (1 << 14) // Wide Shape
#define ATTR0_TALL (2 << 14) //Tall Shape

#define ATTR1_HFLIP (1 << 12)
#define ATTR1_VFLIP (1 << 13)
#define ATTR1_SIZE8 (0 << 14)
#define ATTR1_SIZE16 (1 << 14)
#define ATTR1_SIZE32 (2 << 14)
#define ATTR1_SIZE64 (3 << 14)

#define ATTR2_PALBANK(i) ((i) << 12)


#define OAM ((OBJ_ATTR*)(0x7000000))
#define SPRITE_PALETTE ((unsigned short*)(0x5000200))

#define SPRITEOFFSET16(r,c) (r)*32+(c)

//for gravity
#define SHIFTUP(i) ((i) << 8)
#define SHIFTDOWN(i) ((i) >> 8)

typedef struct{
    unsigned short attr0;
    unsigned short attr1;
    unsigned short attr2;
    unsigned short fill;
}OBJ_ATTR;

typedef struct {
    int row;
    int col;
} Sprite;

// Interrupts
#define REG_TM0CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x4000102
#define REG_TM1CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x4000106
#define REG_TM2CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x400010A
#define REG_TM3CNT *(volatile unsigned short*)0x400010E

// TIMER VALUES
#define REG_TM0D       *(volatile unsigned short*)0x4000100
#define REG_TM1D       *(volatile unsigned short*)0x4000104
#define REG_TM2D       *(volatile unsigned short*)0x4000108
#define REG_TM3D       *(volatile unsigned short*)0x400010C

// Timer flags
#define TIMER_ON      (1<<7)  
#define TM_IRQ        (1<<6)
#define TM_CASCADE    (1<<2)
#define TM_FREQ_1     0
#define TM_FREQ_64    1
#define TM_FREQ_256   2
#define TM_FREQ_1024  3

// *** Sound =========================================================

#define PROCESSOR_CYCLES_PER_SECOND (16777216)
#define VBLANK_FREQ (59.727)